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  • Open Section Clinical Overview (378)
    • Open Section Gland/Organ (378)
      • Adipose tissue (7)
      • Adrenal (80)
      • Bone (26)
      • Duodenum (5)
      • Heart (4)
      • Hypothalamus (9)
      • Kidney (20)
      • Liver (9)
      • Ovaries (15)
      • Pancreas (76)
      • Parathyroid (40)
      • Pineal (1)
      • Pituitary (98)
      • Skin (4)
      • Stomach (6)
      • Testes (7)
      • Thymus (3)
      • Thyroid (68)
    • Open Section Topic (363)
      • Adrenal (68)
      • Andrology (2)
      • Autoimmunity (3)
      • Bone (20)
      • Cardiovascular endocrinology (5)
      • Diabetes (66)
      • Emergency (3)
      • Endocrine disruptors (1)
      • Endocrine-related cancer (23)
      • Genetics and mutation (7)
      • Gynaecological endocrinology (7)
      • Immunology (1)
      • Mineral (3)
      • Neuroendocrinology (13)
      • Obesity (5)
      • Paediatric endocrinology (6)
      • Pituitary (78)
      • Puberty (4)
      • Thyroid (53)
      • Tumours and neoplasia (20)
      • Vitamin D (1)
    • Open Section Hormone (316)
      • 17OHP (4)
      • ACTH (52)
      • Adrenaline (6)
      • Aldosterone (15)
      • Androgens (5)
      • Androstenedione (5)
      • Androsterone (1)
      • Antidiuretic Hormone (3)
      • Atrial natriuretic hormone (1)
      • AVP (4)
      • big IGF2 (1)
      • Brain natriuretic peptide (1)
      • Calcitonin (10)
      • Calcitriol (5)
      • Corticosterone (1)
      • Cortisol (77)
      • Cortisone (2)
      • CRH (1)
      • Dehydroepiandrostenedione (2)
      • Deoxycorticosterone (3)
      • Deoxycortisol (2)
      • DHEA (3)
      • Dihydrotestosterone (1)
      • Dopamine (3)
      • FGF23 (4)
      • FSH (36)
      • Gastrin (3)
      • GH (29)
      • GHRH (3)
      • GLP1 (2)
      • GLP2 (1)
      • Glucagon (6)
      • Glucocorticoids (8)
      • GNRH (3)
      • Gonadotropins (6)
      • HCG (1)
      • Hydroxypregnenolone (1)
      • IGF1 (28)
      • IGF2 (4)
      • Inhibin (1)
      • Insulin (82)
      • Kisspeptin (1)
      • LH (42)
      • Metanephrines (13)
      • Mineralocorticoids (4)
      • Noradrenaline (9)
      • Normetanephrine (13)
      • Oestradiol (E2) (15)
      • Oestrogens (5)
      • Oxyntomodulin (1)
      • Peptide YY (1)
      • Procalcitonin (1)
      • Progesterone (5)
      • Prolactin (41)
      • Prostaglandins (2)
      • PTH (41)
      • Renin (10)
      • Somatostatin (1)
      • Testosterone (34)
      • Thyroxine (T4) (64)
      • TRH (3)
      • Triiodothyronine (T3) (33)
      • TSH (73)
      • Vitamin D (1)
    • Open Section Condition/ Syndrome (353)
      • 17-alpha hydroxylase/17,20 lyase deficiency (1)
      • 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 deficiency (1)
      • Abscess (5)
      • Acanthosis Nigricans (1)
      • Acromegaly (17)
      • Addisonian crisis (1)
      • Addison's disease (8)
      • Adenocarcinoma (3)
      • AIP gene mutation (1)
      • Adrenal insufficiency (20)
      • Adrenocortical adenoma (9)
      • Adrenocortical carcinoma (4)
      • Adrenoleukodystrophy (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (primary) (3)
      • Amenorrhoea (secondary) (2)
      • Amyloidosis (1)
      • Anaplastic thyroid cancer (3)
      • Anaemia (4)
      • Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (1)
      • Asthma (2)
      • Autoimmune disorders (15)
      • Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 2 (1)
      • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (4)
      • Autoimmune hypophysitis (4)
      • Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (4)
      • Breast cancer (4)
      • Brown tumour (5)
      • Burkitt’s lymphoma (1)
      • CASR gene mutation (1)
      • Catecholamine secreting carotid body paraganglionoma (1)
      • Carney complex (1)
      • Carotid body paraganglioma (2)
      • C-cell hyperplasia (1)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (1)
      • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (6)
      • Congenital hypothyroidism (2)
      • Congenital hyperinsulinism (4)
      • Conn's syndrome (2)
      • Corticotrophic adenoma (2)
      • Craniopharyngioma (3)
      • Cryptorchidism (2)
      • Cushing's disease (5)
      • Cushing's syndrome (22)
      • Developmental abnormalities (1)
      • Diabetes - mitochondrial (1)
      • Diabetes insipidus - gestational (2)
      • Diabetes insipidus - nephrogenic (1)
      • Diabetes insipidus - neurogenic/central (18)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (25)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (30)
      • Diabetic foot syndrome (3)
      • Diabetic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (15)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (1)
      • Down syndrome (2)
      • Ectopic ACTH syndrome (3)
      • Ectopic Cushing's syndrome (7)
      • Empty sella syndrome (2)
      • Euthyroid sick syndrome (1)
      • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (3)
      • Familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroxinaemia (1)
      • Fat necrosis (1)
      • Fetal demise (2)
      • Follicular thyroid cancer (1)
      • Fractures (1)
      • Gastrinoma (1)
      • Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (1)
      • GCK mutation (1)
      • Gestational diabetes mellitus (5)
      • Giant ovarian cysts (1)
      • Gigantism (2)
      • Gitelman syndrome (1)
      • Glucagonoma (3)
      • Glycogen storage disease (1)
      • Goitre (4)
      • Goitre (multinodular) (2)
      • Gonadal dysgenesis (3)
      • Gonadotrophic adenoma (3)
      • Granuloma (3)
      • Graves' disease (9)
      • Graves' ophthalmopathy (2)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (childhood onset) (4)
      • Gynaecomastia (4)
      • Hamman’s syndrome (1)
      • Haemorrhage (2)
      • Hashimoto’s disease (9)
      • Hemihypertrophy (1)
      • Hereditary multiple osteochondroma (1)
      • Histiocytosis (1)
      • Huntington's disease (1)
      • Hyperaldosteronism (8)
      • Hyperandrogenism (2)
      • Hypercalcaemia (18)
      • Hyperglucogonaemia (1)
      • Hyperglycaemia (23)
      • Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (5)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (10)
      • Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (7)
      • Hyperkalaemia (6)
      • Hyperlipidaemia (1)
      • Hypernatraemia (7)
      • Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (5)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (primary) (25)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (secondary) (1)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (tertiary) (1)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (10)
      • Hypersexuality (1)
      • Hypertension (15)
      • Hyperthyroidism (14)
      • Hypocalcaemia (8)
      • Hypoglycaemia (31)
      • Hypoglycaemic coma (1)
      • Hypogonadism (12)
      • Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (10)
      • Hypokalaemia (15)
      • Hyponatraemia (15)
      • Hypoparathyroidism (3)
      • Hypophosphataemia (7)
      • Hypophysitis (11)
      • Hypopituitarism (23)
      • Hypothyroidism (36)
      • Iatrogenic disorder (13)
      • Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (2)
      • Idiopathic pituitary hyperplasia (2)
      • IgG4–related systemic disease (5)
      • Inappropriate TSH secretion (1)
      • Incidentaloma (3)
      • Infertility (2)
      • Insulin autoimmune syndrome (6)
      • Insulin resistance (6)
      • Insulinoma (6)
      • Intracranial vasospasm (1)
      • Intrauterine growth retardation (2)
      • Iodine allergy (1)
      • Ischaemic heart disease (2)
      • Kallmann syndrome (1)
      • Ketoacidosis (1)
      • Klinefelter syndrome (4)
      • Leg ulcer (1)
      • Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA) (2)
      • Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (1)
      • Lipodystrophy (1)
      • Lipomatosis (1)
      • Liver failure (3)
      • Lung metastases (3)
      • Lymphadenopathy (6)
      • Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (4)
      • Macronodular hyperplasia (2)
      • Macroprolactinoma (6)
      • Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young (MODY) (1)
      • McKittrick-Wheelock Syndrome (1)
      • Medullary thyroid cancer (6)
      • MEN1 (8)
      • MEN2A (2)
      • Meningitis (1)
      • Metabolic acidosis (7)
      • Metastatic carcinoma (9)
      • Metastatic chromaffin cell tumour (1)
      • Metastatic gastrinoma (1)
      • Metastatic melanoma (5)
      • Metastatic tumour (3)
      • Microadenoma (6)
      • Microprolactinoma (3)
      • Motor neurone disease (1)
      • Myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
      • Myelolipoma (1)
      • Myocardial infarction (1)
      • Nephrolithiasis (1)
      • Neuroendocrine tumour (30)
      • Neurofibromatosis (4)
      • Nodular hyperplasia (1)
      • Non-functioning pituitary adenoma (2)
      • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4)
      • Non-islet-cell tumour hypoglycaemia (3)
      • Noonan syndrome (1)
      • Obesity (6)
      • Oculocerebrorenal syndrome (1)
      • Osteomalacia (5)
      • Osteomyelitis (1)
      • Osteoporosis (7)
      • Ovarian cancer (4)
      • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (2)
      • Ovarian tumour (1)
      • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (2)
      • Pancreatitis (5)
      • Panhypopituitarism (9)
      • Papillary thyroid cancer (17)
      • Paraganglioma (5)
      • Paraneoplastic syndromes (6)
      • Parasitic thyroid nodules (1)
      • Parathyroid adenoma (16)
      • Parathyroid carcinoma (4)
      • Parathyroid cyst (1)
      • PCOS (4)
      • Phaeochromocytoma (20)
      • Phaeochromocytoma crisis (1)
      • Pituitary abscess (2)
      • Pituitary adenoma (39)
      • Pituitary apoplexy (7)
      • Pituitary carcinoma (1)
      • Pituitary cyst (4)
      • Pituitary haemorrhage (3)
      • Pituitary hyperplasia (4)
      • Pituitary tumour (malignant) (3)
      • Plurihormonal pituitary adenoma (2)
      • POEMS syndrome (1)
      • Pneumonia (1)
      • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (1)
      • Post-prandial hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Pre-eclampsia (1)
      • Pregnancy (6)
      • Premature ovarian failure (3)
      • Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (1)
      • Prolactinoma (8)
      • Prostate cancer (5)
      • Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (2)
      • Pseudohypoparathyroidism (1)
      • Puberty (delayed or absent) (2)
      • Puberty (precocious) (2)
      • Pulmonary oedema (1)
      • Quadrantanopia (1)
      • Rhabdomyolysis (3)
      • Rheumatoid arthritis (3)
      • Sellar reossification (1)
      • Sexual development disorders (5)
      • Sheehan's syndrome (1)
      • Short stature (3)
      • SIADH (5)
      • Small-cell carcinoma (2)
      • Small intestine neuroendocrine tumour (1)
      • Solitary fibrous tumour (1)
      • Solitary sellar plasmacytoma (2)
      • Somatotrophic adenoma (5)
      • Squamous cell thyroid carcinoma (1)
      • Struma ovarii (2)
      • Subcutaneous insulin resistance (1)
      • Systemic lupus erythematosus (1)
      • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (3)
      • TARTs (1)
      • Testicular cancer (1)
      • Thyroid adenoma (2)
      • Thyroid carcinoma (7)
      • Thyroid dysgenesis (1)
      • Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (2)
      • Thyroid nodule (8)
      • Thyroid storm (4)
      • Thyroiditis (13)
      • Thyrotoxicosis (8)
      • Thyrotrophic adenoma (1)
      • Traumatic brain injury (2)
      • Tuberculosis (3)
      • Tumour-induced osteomalacia (5)
      • Turner syndrome (2)
      • Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (1)
      • Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis (1)
  • Open Section Patient Demographics (378)
    • Open Section Age (377)
      • Adolescent/young adult (59)
      • Adult (267)
      • Geriatric (22)
      • Neonatal (12)
      • Paediatric (30)
      • Pregnant adult (11)
    • Open Section Gender (377)
      • Female (233)
      • Male (166)
    • Open Section Ethnicity (378)
      • American Indian or Alaska Native (1)
      • Asian - Bangladeshi (3)
      • Asian - Chinese (14)
      • Asian - Filipino (4)
      • Asian - Indian (12)
      • Asian - Japanese (30)
      • Asian - Korean (2)
      • Asian - Pakistani (1)
      • Asian - Vietnamese (1)
      • Asian - other (18)
      • Black - African (14)
      • Black - Caribbean (3)
      • Black - other (3)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Central American or South American (7)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano (4)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Puerto Rican (1)
      • Hispanic or Latino - other (6)
      • Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander (2)
      • White (254)
      • Other (11)
    • Open Section Country of Treatment (372)
      • Argentina (5)
      • Australia (40)
      • Austria (1)
      • Bangladesh (2)
      • Belgium (4)
      • Brazil (2)
      • Canada (13)
      • China (1)
      • Croatia (2)
      • Czech Republic (1)
      • Denmark (4)
      • Finland (1)
      • France (2)
      • Germany (10)
      • Greece (14)
      • Hong Kong (2)
      • India (3)
      • Iran, Islamic Republic of (2)
      • Ireland (8)
      • Israel (8)
      • Italy (18)
      • Japan (29)
      • Korea, Republic of (1)
      • Lebanon (2)
      • Malaysia (1)
      • Mexico (4)
      • Netherlands (3)
      • New Zealand (4)
      • Oman (1)
      • Peru (1)
      • Poland (1)
      • Portugal (20)
      • Puerto Rico (2)
      • Russian Federation (3)
      • Saudi Arabia (4)
      • Singapore (4)
      • Spain (13)
      • Sri Lanka (1)
      • Sweden (1)
      • Switzerland (7)
      • Taiwan, Province of China (4)
      • Thailand (2)
      • Tunisia (2)
      • Turkey (3)
      • United Arab Emirates (1)
      • United Kingdom (73)
      • United States (41)
      • Uruguay (1)
      • Venezuela (2)
  • Open Section Diagnosis and Treatment (356)
    • Open Section Signs and Symptoms (348)
      • Abdominal adiposity (1)
      • Abdominal distension (3)
      • Abdominal cramp (2)
      • Abdominal discomfort (1)
      • Abdominal guarding (1)
      • Abdominal lump (5)
      • Abdominal pain (39)
      • Abdominal tenderness (4)
      • Abnormal posture (1)
      • Abdominal wall defects (1)
      • Acanthosis nigricans (6)
      • Accelerated growth (1)
      • Acne (5)
      • Acrochorda (3)
      • Adverse breast development (1)
      • Aggression (3)
      • Agitation (6)
      • Albuminuria (2)
      • Alopecia (4)
      • Altered level of consciousness (6)
      • Ambiguous genitalia (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (29)
      • Amnesia (5)
      • Anaemia (12)
      • Anhedonia (1)
      • Anisocoria (1)
      • Ankle swelling (1)
      • Anorexia (13)
      • Anosmia (1)
      • Anovulation (1)
      • Anxiety (8)
      • Aphasia (2)
      • Appendicitis (1)
      • Appetite increase (1)
      • Appetite reduction/loss (13)
      • Aqueductal stenosis (1)
      • Arteriosclerosis (2)
      • Arthralgia (8)
      • Ascites (1)
      • Asthenia (7)
      • Ataxia (3)
      • Atrial fibrillation (9)
      • Atrophy (2)
      • ADHD (1)
      • Autism (1)
      • Babinski's sign (1)
      • Back pain (12)
      • Behavioural problems (1)
      • Bitemporal hemianopsia (2)
      • Bloating (3)
      • Bone fracture(s) (8)
      • Bone lesions (4)
      • Bone pain (5)
      • Bony metastases (2)
      • Bowel movements - bleeding (1)
      • Bowel obstruction (2)
      • Bowel perforation (1)
      • Brachydactyly (3)
      • Bradycardia (4)
      • Bradyphrenia (1)
      • Breast lump (2)
      • Breathing difficulties (6)
      • Buffalo hump (5)
      • Cachexia (2)
      • Calcification (2)
      • Cardiac malformations (2)
      • Cardiac tamponade (1)
      • Cardiogenic shock (4)
      • Cardiomegaly (3)
      • Cardiomyopathy (8)
      • Cardiopulmonary arrest (1)
      • Carpal tunnel syndrome (1)
      • Cataract(s) (1)
      • Central obesity (5)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (1)
      • Cervical pain (2)
      • Chest pain (8)
      • Chest pain (pleuritic) (2)
      • Chills (3)
      • Cholecystitis (1)
      • Cholestasis (1)
      • Chondrocalcinosis (1)
      • Chronic pain (2)
      • Cirrhosis (1)
      • Clumsiness (1)
      • Coagulopathy (2)
      • Coeliac disease (1)
      • Cognitive problems (3)
      • Cold intolerance (4)
      • Collapse (4)
      • Coma (3)
      • Concentration difficulties (2)
      • Confusion (15)
      • Constipation (9)
      • Convulsions (2)
      • Coordination difficulties (1)
      • Coughing (10)
      • Crackles (3)
      • Cramps (8)
      • Craniofacial abnormalities (1)
      • Cryptorchidism (3)
      • Cutaneous pigmentation (5)
      • Deafness (1)
      • Deep vein thrombosis (2)
      • Dehydration (9)
      • Delayed puberty (3)
      • Delirium (4)
      • Dementia (1)
      • Depression (10)
      • Diabetes insipidus (15)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (21)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (22)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (1)
      • Diabetic foot ulceration (3)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (13)
      • Diarrhoea (18)
      • Diplopia (5)
      • Dizziness (14)
      • Dysarthria (2)
      • Dyslipidaemia (7)
      • Dyspareunia (1)
      • Dyspepsia (1)
      • Dysphagia (10)
      • Dysphonia (6)
      • Dyspnoea (23)
      • Dysuria (1)
      • Ears - low set (1)
      • Ears - pinna abnormalities (1)
      • Ecchymoses (7)
      • Enlarged prostate (1)
      • Epilepsy (1)
      • Erectile dysfunction (7)
      • Erythema (7)
      • Eyelid swelling (4)
      • Eyes - irritation (1)
      • Eyes - redness (1)
      • Face - change in appearance (2)
      • Face - coarse features (9)
      • Facial fullness (4)
      • Facial palsy (4)
      • Facial plethora (7)
      • Facial weakness (3)
      • Facies - abnormal (7)
      • Facies - moon (7)
      • Faecal incontinence (1)
      • Failure to thrive (2)
      • Fatigue (71)
      • Feet - cold (1)
      • Feet - increased size (7)
      • Feet - large (2)
      • Feet - pain (1)
      • Fingers - thick (1)
      • Flatulence (1)
      • Flushing (3)
      • Frontal bossing (1)
      • Fungating lesion (1)
      • Gait abnormality (4)
      • Gait unsteadiness (1)
      • Galactorrhoea (4)
      • Gallstones (1)
      • Genu valgum (1)
      • Genu varum (1)
      • Gestational diabetes (2)
      • Glucose intolerance (2)
      • Glucosuria (5)
      • Goitre (19)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (2)
      • Growth retardation (7)
      • Gynaecomastia (11)
      • Haematoma (5)
      • Haematuria (5)
      • Haemoptysis (4)
      • Hallucination (2)
      • Hands - enlargement (7)
      • Hands - large (2)
      • Head - large (1)
      • Headache (63)
      • Hearing loss (1)
      • Heart failure (11)
      • Heart murmur (4)
      • Heat intolerance (2)
      • Hemianopia (6)
      • Hemiparesis (4)
      • Hepatic cysts (1)
      • Hepatic metastases (3)
      • Hepatomegaly (7)
      • Hidradenitis suppurativa (1)
      • Hirsutism (14)
      • Hot flushes (3)
      • Hyperactivity (2)
      • Hyperandrogenism (3)
      • Hypercalcaemia (26)
      • Hypercalciuria (4)
      • Hypercholesterolaemia (3)
      • Hypercortisolaemia (18)
      • Hyperglucagonaemia (2)
      • Hyperglycaemia (31)
      • Hyperhidrosis (15)
      • Hyperhomocysteinaemia (1)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (18)
      • Hyperkalaemia (7)
      • Hypernatraemia (10)
      • Hyperpigmentation (9)
      • Hyperplasia (1)
      • Hyperpnoea (2)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (8)
      • Hyperseborrhea (2)
      • Hypersomnia (1)
      • Hypertension (53)
      • Hyperthermia (1)
      • Hyperthyroidism (13)
      • Hypertrichosis (2)
      • Hypertrophy (1)
      • Hyperuricaemia (2)
      • Hyperventilation (5)
      • Hypoadrenalism (6)
      • Hypoalbuminaemia (3)
      • Hypocalciuria (4)
      • Hypoglycaemia (35)
      • Hypogonadism (31)
      • Hypoinsulinaemia (3)
      • Hypokalaemia (25)
      • Hypomagnesaemia (6)
      • Hyponatraemia (24)
      • Hypoparathyroidism (4)
      • Hypophosphataemia (12)
      • Hypopituitarism (17)
      • Hypoprolactinaemia (1)
      • Hyporeflexia (2)
      • Hypospadias (1)
      • Hypotension (29)
      • Hypothyroidism (33)
      • Hypotonia (3)
      • Hypovitaminosis D (3)
      • Hypovolaemia (2)
      • Hypoxia (6)
      • Impulsivity (1)
      • Inattention (1)
      • Infections (1)
      • Infertility (4)
      • Inflexibility (1)
      • Insomnia (3)
      • Insulin resistance (4)
      • Irritability (4)
      • Ischaemia (2)
      • Itching (1)
      • Jaundice (2)
      • Ketonuria (4)
      • Ketotic odour (1)
      • Kidney dysplasia (2)
      • Kidney stones (4)
      • Kyphoscoliosis (2)
      • Kyphosis (1)
      • Leg pain (9)
      • Leukocytosis (8)
      • Libido increase (1)
      • Libido reduction/loss (9)
      • Lichen sclerosus (1)
      • Liver masses (1)
      • Lordosis (1)
      • Lymphadenectomy (1)
      • Lymphadenitis (7)
      • Macroglossia (4)
      • Malaise (8)
      • Mania (1)
      • Mastalgia (1)
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