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Alexis Elias Malavazos Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

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Chiara Meregalli Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Fabio Sorrentino Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Andrea Vignati Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Carola Dubini Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Valentina Scravaglieri Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Sara Basilico Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Federico Boniardi Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Pietro Spagnolo Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Piergiorgio Malagoli Unit of Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy

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Paolo Romanelli Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

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Francesco Secchi Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

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Gianluca Iacobellis Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami, Florida, USA

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( 1 ). Furthermore, psoriasis may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) given their shared inflammatory properties and pathogenic similarities ( 1 ). The inflammatory process in psoriasis can target adipose tissue depots

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Cardiovascular endocrinology, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Italy, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unusual effects of medical treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-23-0017
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2023: Issue 3
Open access
Carolina Chaves Serviço de Endocrinologia e Nutrição, Hospital Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal

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Mariana Chaves Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal

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João Anselmo Serviço de Endocrinologia e Nutrição, Hospital Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal

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Rui César Serviço de Endocrinologia e Nutrição, Hospital Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal

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Background Berardinelli–Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) is a rare disease, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 10 million worldwide and 1:500 000 cases in Portugal ( 1 ). It is characterized by the absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Liver, Pancreas, Topic, Developmental endocrinology, Patient Demographics, Age, Paediatric, Gender, Male, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Japan, Related Disciplines, Gastroenterology, Genetics, Paediatrics, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Novel treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-20-0183
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2021: Issue 1
Open access
Fiona Melzer Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel, Germany

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Corinna Geisler Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel, Germany

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Dominik M Schulte Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel, Germany
Department of Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany

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Matthias Laudes Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel, Germany
Department of Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany

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Background Lipodystrophy (LD) syndromes are rare heterogeneous disorders with diverse pathophysiology characterized by selective deficiency (partial LD) or complete (total LD) loss of adipose tissue with ectopic lipid accumulation, for example

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Genetics and mutation, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Germany, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Insight into disease pathogenesis or mechanism of therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-21-0082
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2021: Issue 1
Open access
P Hanson Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

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M Pandit Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

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V Menon Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

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S Roberts Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

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T M Barber Endocrinology, University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK

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aetiology of fat necrosis is thought to result from local trauma and tissue injury caused by both physical and chemical insults, stimulating an inflammatory reaction within the adipose tissue (3) . Aseptic saponification of fat by lipases was proposed to be

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Diabetes, Hormone, Insulin, Condition/ Syndrome, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Fat necrosis, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, United Kingdom, Diagnosis and Treatment, Signs and Symptoms, Abdominal lump, Abdominal pain, Abdominal tenderness, Chronic pain, Ovarian cysts, Investigation, Histopathology, MRI, Transvaginal ultrasound, Intervention, Lumpectomy, Medication, Insulin, Related Disciplines, Gynaecology, Surgery, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unusual effects of medical treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-14-0073
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2014: Issue 1
Open access
Athanasios Fountas Departments of Endocrinology

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Zoe Giotaki Departments of Endocrinology

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Evangelia Dounousi Nephrology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

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George Liapis Nephrology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

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Alexandra Bargiota Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece

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Agathocles Tsatsoulis Departments of Endocrinology

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Stelios Tigas Departments of Endocrinology

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Background Lipodystrophy is a rare group of clinically heterogeneous disorders characterized by the complete or partial loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue ( 1 , 2 ). This condition is often accompanied by metabolic complications such as

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Kidney, Topic, Obesity, Condition/ Syndrome, Lipodystrophy, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Greece, Diagnosis and Treatment, Signs and Symptoms, Acanthosis nigricans, Facies - abnormal, Glucose intolerance, Hirsutism, Hyperandrogenism, Hyperinsulinaemia, Oligomenorrhoea, Investigation, Adiponectin, Creatine kinase, DEXA scan, Echocardiogram, Electrocardiogram, Electromyography, Genetic analysis, Glucose tolerance (oral), HOMA, Insulin (fasting), Lactate dehydrogenase, LDL cholesterol, Renal biopsy, Sex hormone binding globulin, Testosterone, Thyroid antibodies, Total cholesterol, Transaminase, Ultrasound scan, Medication, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, Atorvastatin, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Related Disciplines, Cardiology, Genetics, Nephrology, Publication Details, Case Report Type, New disease or syndrome: presentations/diagnosis/management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-17-0049
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2017: Issue 1
Open access
Benthe A M Dijkman Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Christel J M de Blok Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Koen M A Dreijerink Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Martin den Heijer Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Background Estradiol is known to be the main initiator of breast development and growth during puberty. Breast maturation following estradiol exposure includes ductal proliferation and accumulation of adipose tissue. Progesterone is known for

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Puberty, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Netherlands, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unusual effects of medical treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-22-0346
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2023: Issue 2
Open access
Priya Darshani Chhiba University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa

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David Segal University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa

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spontaneously over time by avoiding the injection area, which also occurred in our index case. Discussion Lipodystrophy is a disorder of adipose tissue, presenting either as lipohypertrophy or lipoatrophy ( 5 ). Lipoatrophy is defined as a large, often

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Pituitary, Topic, Paediatric endocrinology, Pituitary, Patient Demographics, Age, Adolescent/young adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, Asian - Indian, Black - African, Country of Treatment, South Africa, Related Disciplines, Dermatology, Paediatrics, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unusual effects of medical treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-21-0087
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2021: Issue 1
Open access
Ulla Kampmann Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Hedeager, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Per Glud Ovesen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Niels Møller Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Jens Fuglsang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, Aarhus N, Denmark

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. Hyperleptinemia is a result of an increased synthesis and secretion from abundant adipose tissue ( 6 ), but leptin is also secreted in the placenta and leptin levels increase substantially during pregnancy. McIntyre et al. conclude that maternal insulin

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Pancreas, Placenta, Topic, Diabetes, Patient Demographics, Age, Pregnant adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Denmark, Related Disciplines, Obstetrics, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unique/unexpected symptoms or presentations of a disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-20-0191
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2021: Issue 1
Open access
Aysenur Ozderya Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey

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Sule Temizkan Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey

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Kadriye Aydin Tezcan Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey

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Feyza Yener Ozturk Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

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Yuksel Altuntas Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

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supraclavicular area ( Fig. 2 ). Biopsies from these areas were concordant with lipomatous tissue ( Fig. 3 ). An abdominal CT examination revealed an enlarged liver (cranio-caudal axis: 24 cm) and spleen. After a differential diagnosis of the causes of the

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Andrology, Condition/ Syndrome, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Klinefelter syndrome, Lipomatosis, Patient Demographics, Age, Adult, Gender, Male, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, Turkey, Diagnosis and Treatment, Signs and Symptoms, Diabetic neuropathy, Hypogonadism, Micropenis, Oedema, Retinopathy, Investigation, Albumin, Biopsy, Chromosomal analysis, C-peptide (blood), C-reactive protein, CT scan, FSH, LH, MRI, Oestradiol (E2), SHBG, Testosterone, Ultrasound scan, Medication, Fenofibrate, Testosterone, Related Disciplines, Genetics, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Unique/unexpected symptoms or presentations of a disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-14-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2015: Issue 1
Open access
Baris Akinci Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

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Rasimcan Meral Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Diana Rus Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Rita Hench Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Adam H Neidert Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Frank DiPaola Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Maria Westerhoff Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Simeon I Taylor Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Elif A Oral Brehm Center for Diabetes Research and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Background Lipodystrophy syndromes are a heterogeneous cluster of diseases characterized by loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue that leads to severe insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metreleptin therapy is now an approved treatment for

Taxonomy:
Clinical Overview, Gland/Organ, Adipose tissue, Topic, Obesity, Hormone, Insulin, Leptin, Condition/ Syndrome, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperglycaemia, Insulin resistance, Lipodystrophy, Pancreatitis, Patient Demographics, Age, Adolescent/young adult, Gender, Female, Ethnicity, White, Country of Treatment, United States, Diagnosis and Treatment, Signs and Symptoms, Amenorrhoea, Cirrhosis, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Fatigue, Hyperglycaemia, Hypoglycaemia, Hypogonadism, Insulin resistance, Pancreatitis, Polydipsia, Scoliosis, Vision - blurred, Investigation, Alanine aminotransferase, Anion gap, Antinuclear antibody, Beta-hydroxybutyrate, BMI, C-peptide (blood), DEXA scan, DNA sequencing, GADA, Glucose (blood), Haemoglobin A1c, Histopathology, Insulin, Ketones (plasma), Ketones (urine), Liver biopsy, Liver function, MRI, Radioimmunoassay, Tanner scale, Triglycerides, Weight, Intervention, Diet, Fluid repletion, Plasmapheresis, Medication, Fenofibrate, Insulin, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Prednisone, Thiazolidinediones, Related Disciplines, Paediatrics, Publication Details, Case Report Type, Novel treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-19-0139
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2020: Issue 1
Open access