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  • Open Section Clinical Overview (213)
    • Open Section Gland/Organ (213)
      • Adipose tissue (1)
      • Adrenal (82)
      • Bone (4)
      • Duodenum (3)
      • Hypothalamus (10)
      • Kidney (7)
      • Liver (7)
      • Ovaries (10)
      • Pancreas (26)
      • Parathyroid (5)
      • Pineal (1)
      • Pituitary (97)
      • Placenta (1)
      • Skin (3)
      • Stomach (3)
      • Testes (3)
      • Thymus (1)
      • Thyroid (26)
    • Open Section Topic (210)
      • Adrenal (74)
      • Andrology (1)
      • Autoimmunity (2)
      • Bone (4)
      • Cardiovascular endocrinology (1)
      • Diabetes (19)
      • Emergency (2)
      • Endocrine-related cancer (9)
      • Genetics and mutation (3)
      • Gynaecological endocrinology (5)
      • Immunology (1)
      • Mineral (1)
      • Neuroendocrinology (6)
      • Obesity (1)
      • Paediatric endocrinology (1)
      • Pituitary (75)
      • Thyroid (13)
      • Tumours and neoplasia (6)
      • Vitamin D (1)
    • Open Section Hormone (186)
      • 17OHP (5)
      • ACTH (62)
      • Adrenaline (1)
      • Aldosterone (20)
      • Androgens (6)
      • Androstenedione (7)
      • Androsterone (1)
      • Antidiuretic Hormone (6)
      • Atrial natriuretic hormone (1)
      • AVP (5)
      • big IGF2 (1)
      • Brain natriuretic peptide (1)
      • Calcitonin (3)
      • Calcitriol (1)
      • Corticosterone (1)
      • Corticotrophin (1)
      • Cortisol (95)
      • Cortisone (2)
      • CRH (1)
      • Dehydroepiandrostenedione (3)
      • Deoxycorticosterone (3)
      • Deoxycortisol (3)
      • DHEA (6)
      • Dihydrotestosterone (2)
      • Dopamine (1)
      • FSH (41)
      • Gastrin (2)
      • GH (30)
      • GHRH (2)
      • Glucocorticoids (12)
      • Gonadotropins (3)
      • HCG (1)
      • Hydroxypregnenolone (1)
      • IGF1 (30)
      • IGF2 (6)
      • Inhibin (1)
      • Insulin (35)
      • Leptin (1)
      • LH (46)
      • Metanephrines (4)
      • Mineralocorticoids (5)
      • Noradrenaline (4)
      • Normetanephrine (5)
      • Oestradiol (E2) (12)
      • Pregnenolone (2)
      • Progesterone (4)
      • Prolactin (44)
      • PTH (9)
      • Renin (11)
      • Somatostatin (1)
      • Testosterone (34)
      • Thyroxine (T4) (43)
      • TRH (4)
      • Triiodothyronine (T3) (16)
      • TSH (50)
      • Vitamin D (1)
    • Open Section Condition/ Syndrome (202)
      • 17-alpha hydroxylase/17,20 lyase deficiency (1)
      • Abscess (3)
      • Acanthosis Nigricans (1)
      • Acromegaly (13)
      • Addisonian crisis (1)
      • Addison's disease (8)
      • Adenocarcinoma (2)
      • AIP gene mutation (1)
      • Adrenal insufficiency (26)
      • Adrenal salt-wasting crisis (2)
      • Adrenocortical adenoma (12)
      • Adrenocortical carcinoma (4)
      • Adrenoleukodystrophy (1)
      • AIP gene variant (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (primary) (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (secondary) (2)
      • Anaemia (3)
      • Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (2)
      • Asthma (1)
      • Autoimmune disorders (9)
      • Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 1 (1)
      • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (3)
      • Autoimmune hypophysitis (7)
      • Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (3)
      • Burkitt’s lymphoma (1)
      • Catecholamine secreting carotid body paraganglionoma (1)
      • Carcinoid tumour (1)
      • Carney complex (2)
      • Carotid body paraganglioma (1)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (1)
      • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (8)
      • Congenital hypothyroidism (1)
      • Conn's syndrome (4)
      • Corticotrophic adenoma (4)
      • Craniopharyngioma (2)
      • Cryptorchidism (1)
      • Cushing's disease (9)
      • Cushing's syndrome (33)
      • Diabetes - steroid-induced (1)
      • Diabetes insipidus - gestational (4)
      • Diabetes insipidus - neurogenic/central (18)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (17)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (10)
      • Diabetic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (9)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (1)
      • Diverticular disease (1)
      • Ectopic ACTH syndrome (3)
      • Ectopic Cushing's syndrome (7)
      • Empty sella syndrome (3)
      • Fetal demise (1)
      • Gastrinoma (1)
      • Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (1)
      • Gestational diabetes mellitus (2)
      • Giant ovarian cysts (1)
      • Gigantism (2)
      • Gitelman syndrome (1)
      • Goitre (1)
      • Goitre (multinodular) (1)
      • Gonadal dysgenesis (2)
      • Gonadotrophic adenoma (2)
      • Granuloma (2)
      • Graves' disease (4)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (adult) (1)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (childhood onset) (3)
      • Gynaecomastia (3)
      • Haemorrhage (1)
      • Hashimoto’s disease (4)
      • Huntington's disease (1)
      • Hyperaldosteronism (9)
      • Hyperandrogenism (3)
      • Hypercalcaemia (4)
      • Hyperglycaemia (13)
      • Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (3)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (5)
      • Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Hyperkalaemia (6)
      • Hypernatraemia (5)
      • Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (2)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (primary) (4)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (secondary) (1)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (10)
      • Hypertension (15)
      • Hyperthyroidism (6)
      • Hypocalcaemia (3)
      • Hypoglycaemia (13)
      • Hypoglycaemic coma (1)
      • Hypogonadism (11)
      • Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (9)
      • Hypoinsulinaemia (2)
      • Hypokalaemia (17)
      • Hyponatraemia (15)
      • Hypophysitis (13)
      • Hypopituitarism (26)
      • Hypothyroidism (25)
      • Iatrogenic disorder (9)
      • Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (2)
      • Idiopathic pituitary hyperplasia (3)
      • IgG4–related systemic disease (5)
      • Incidentaloma (4)
      • Infertility (1)
      • Insulin autoimmune syndrome (1)
      • Insulin resistance (4)
      • Insulinoma (1)
      • Intracranial vasospasm (1)
      • Intrauterine growth retardation (1)
      • Ischaemic heart disease (1)
      • Klinefelter syndrome (3)
      • Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA) (1)
      • Lipodystrophy (1)
      • Liver failure (2)
      • Lymphadenopathy (3)
      • Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (4)
      • Macronodular hyperplasia (2)
      • Macroprolactinoma (4)
      • Medullary thyroid cancer (2)
      • MEN1 (3)
      • Meningitis (1)
      • Metabolic acidosis (4)
      • Metastatic carcinoma (4)
      • Metastatic melanoma (4)
      • Metastatic tumour (1)
      • Microadenoma (4)
      • Microprolactinoma (1)
      • Myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
      • Myelolipoma (1)
      • Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (1)
      • Neuroendocrine tumour (13)
      • Neurofibromatosis (1)
      • Nodular hyperplasia (1)
      • Non-functioning pituitary adenoma (1)
      • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4)
      • Non-islet-cell tumour hypoglycaemia (4)
      • Noonan syndrome (1)
      • Obesity (2)
      • Osteoporosis (4)
      • Ovarian cancer (3)
      • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (2)
      • Ovarian tumour (1)
      • Pancreatitis (2)
      • Panhypopituitarism (9)
      • Papillary thyroid cancer (2)
      • Paraganglioma (2)
      • Paranasal sinus lesion (1)
      • Paraneoplastic syndromes (3)
      • Parathyroid adenoma (1)
      • Parathroid hyperplasia (1)
      • PCOS (4)
      • Phaeochromocytoma (9)
      • Pituitary abscess (2)
      • Pituitary adenoma (34)
      • Pituitary apoplexy (7)
      • Pituitary carcinoma (1)
      • Pituitary cyst (4)
      • Pituitary haemorrhage (5)
      • Pituitary hyperplasia (6)
      • Pituitary tumour (malignant) (5)
      • Plurihormonal pituitary adenoma (3)
      • POEMS syndrome (1)
      • Pneumonia (2)
      • Pre-eclampsia (1)
      • Pregnancy (3)
      • Premature ovarian failure (3)
      • Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (1)
      • Prolactinoma (5)
      • Prostate cancer (2)
      • Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (2)
      • Pseudohypoparathyroidism (1)
      • Puberty (delayed or absent) (1)
      • Puberty (precocious) (2)
      • Quadrantanopia (2)
      • Rhabdomyolysis (1)
      • Rheumatoid arthritis (2)
      • Sellar reossification (1)
      • Sexual development disorders (3)
      • Sheehan's syndrome (1)
      • Short stature (2)
      • SIADH (6)
      • Small-cell carcinoma (2)
      • Small intestine neuroendocrine tumour (1)
      • Solitary fibrous tumour (1)
      • Solitary sellar plasmacytoma (1)
      • Somatotrophic adenoma (3)
      • Subcutaneous insulin resistance (1)
      • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (1)
      • TARTs (1)
      • Thyroid carcinoma (1)
      • Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (1)
      • Thyroid nodule (2)
      • Thyroiditis (3)
      • Thyrotoxicosis (3)
      • Thyrotrophic adenoma (1)
      • Traumatic brain injury (2)
      • Tuberculosis (2)
      • Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia (1)
      • Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (1)
      • Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis (1)
  • Open Section Patient Demographics (213)
    • Open Section Age (212)
      • Adolescent/young adult (34)
      • Adult (146)
      • Geriatric (7)
      • Neonatal (7)
      • Paediatric (23)
      • Pregnant adult (8)
    • Open Section Gender (212)
      • Female (121)
      • Male (99)
    • Open Section Ethnicity (213)
      • American Indian or Alaska Native (1)
      • Asian - Bangladeshi (3)
      • Asian - Chinese (14)
      • Asian - Filipino (1)
      • Asian - Indian (6)
      • Asian - Japanese (18)
      • Asian - Korean (1)
      • Asian - Pakistani (1)
      • Asian - other (10)
      • Black - African (8)
      • Black - other (6)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Central American or South American (3)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano (3)
      • Hispanic or Latino - other (2)
      • Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander (1)
      • White (138)
      • Other (5)
    • Open Section Country of Treatment (207)
      • Argentina (3)
      • Australia (23)
      • Austria (1)
      • Bangladesh (2)
      • Belgium (2)
      • Brazil (2)
      • Canada (8)
      • Croatia (2)
      • Denmark (2)
      • Finland (1)
      • France (2)
      • Germany (6)
      • Greece (4)
      • India (4)
      • Iran, Islamic Republic of (1)
      • Ireland (2)
      • Israel (2)
      • Italy (6)
      • Japan (17)
      • Lebanon (1)
      • Malaysia (3)
      • Mexico (3)
      • Morocco (1)
      • Netherlands (3)
      • New Zealand (2)
      • Norway (1)
      • Oman (1)
      • Peru (1)
      • Poland (1)
      • Portugal (11)
      • Russian Federation (1)
      • Saudi Arabia (1)
      • Singapore (3)
      • Spain (4)
      • Switzerland (4)
      • Taiwan, Province of China (4)
      • Tunisia (1)
      • Turkey (1)
      • United Arab Emirates (1)
      • United Kingdom (43)
      • United States (27)
      • Uruguay (1)
  • Open Section Diagnosis and Treatment (204)
    • Open Section Signs and Symptoms (197)
      • Abdominal adiposity (1)
      • Abdominal distension (2)
      • Abdominal discomfort (2)
      • Abdominal lump (2)
      • Abdominal pain (19)
      • Abdominal tenderness (2)
      • Abnormal posture (1)
      • Acanthosis nigricans (2)
      • Accelerated growth (1)
      • Acne (4)
      • Acute stress reaction (1)
      • Adverse breast development (1)
      • Aggression (3)
      • Agitation (5)
      • Albuminuria (1)
      • Alopecia (7)
      • Altered level of consciousness (5)
      • Ambiguous genitalia (3)
      • Amenorrhoea (27)
      • Amnesia (4)
      • Anaemia (8)
      • Anhedonia (1)
      • Anisocoria (1)
      • Anorexia (13)
      • Anxiety (4)
      • Aphasia (1)
      • Appetite increase (2)
      • Appetite reduction/loss (8)
      • Aqueductal stenosis (1)
      • Arteriosclerosis (2)
      • Arthralgia (8)
      • Ascites (1)
      • Asthenia (5)
      • Ataxia (1)
      • Atrial fibrillation (3)
      • ADHD (1)
      • Autism (1)
      • Babinski's sign (1)
      • Back pain (6)
      • Bacteraemia (1)
      • Behavioural problems (2)
      • Bifid scrotum (1)
      • Bitemporal hemianopsia (3)
      • Bloating (3)
      • Bone fracture(s) (5)
      • Bone lesions (1)
      • Bone pain (1)
      • Bony metastases (1)
      • Bowel movements - bleeding (1)
      • Bowel perforation (1)
      • Brachydactyly (3)
      • Bradycardia (3)
      • Bradyphrenia (1)
      • Breast lump (1)
      • Breastfeeding difficulties (1)
      • Breathing difficulties (2)
      • Buffalo hump (5)
      • Cachexia (1)
      • Calcification (1)
      • Cardiac malformations (1)
      • Cardiomyopathy (2)
      • Central obesity (5)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (2)
      • Chemosis (1)
      • Chest pain (5)
      • Chills (2)
      • Cholecystitis (1)
      • Cholestasis (1)
      • Chondrocalcinosis (1)
      • Cirrhosis (2)
      • Clitoromegaly (2)
      • Clumsiness (1)
      • Cognitive problems (3)
      • Cold intolerance (4)
      • Collapse (5)
      • Coma (4)
      • Concentration difficulties (3)
      • Confusion (11)
      • Constipation (5)
      • Coughing (3)
      • Crackles (1)
      • Craniofacial abnormalities (1)
      • Cryptorchidism (1)
      • Cutaneous pigmentation (5)
      • Deep vein thrombosis (2)
      • Dehydration (9)
      • Delayed puberty (3)
      • Delirium (4)
      • Depression (6)
      • Diabetes insipidus (11)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (13)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (11)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (7)
      • Diarrhoea (8)
      • Diplopia (4)
      • Dizziness (8)
      • Dyslipidaemia (3)
      • Dyspepsia (1)
      • Dysphagia (2)
      • Dyspnoea (8)
      • Ears - low set (1)
      • Ecchymoses (7)
      • Eosinophilia (2)
      • Epistaxis (1)
      • Erectile dysfunction (6)
      • Erythema (1)
      • Face - change in appearance (4)
      • Face - coarse features (4)
      • Facial fullness (5)
      • Facial palsy (3)
      • Facial plethora (9)
      • Facial weakness (1)
      • Facies - abnormal (4)
      • Facies - moon (13)
      • Faecal incontinence (1)
      • Fatigue (58)
      • Feet - increased size (6)
      • Fingers - thick (1)
      • Flushing (1)
      • Gait abnormality (1)
      • Galactorrhoea (5)
      • Gallstones (1)
      • Gestational diabetes (1)
      • Glucose intolerance (1)
      • Glucosuria (1)
      • Goitre (6)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (3)
      • Growth retardation (3)
      • Gynaecomastia (10)
      • Haematoma (6)
      • Haematuria (2)
      • Haemoptysis (3)
      • Hallucination (1)
      • Hands - enlargement (5)
      • Hands - large (1)
      • Head - large (1)
      • Headache (49)
      • Hearing loss (2)
      • Heart failure (3)
      • Heart murmur (1)
      • Hemianopia (9)
      • Hemiparesis (3)
      • Hepatic metastases (1)
      • Hepatomegaly (3)
      • Hirsutism (17)
      • Hot flushes (2)
      • Hyperactivity (2)
      • Hyperandrogenism (3)
      • Hypercalcaemia (5)
      • Hypercholesterolaemia (5)
      • Hypercortisolaemia (21)
      • Hyperglycaemia (20)
      • Hyperhidrosis (2)
      • Hyperhomocysteinaemia (2)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (5)
      • Hyperkalaemia (9)
      • Hypernatraemia (6)
      • Hyperpigmentation (14)
      • Hyperplasia (2)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (8)
      • Hypersalivation (1)
      • Hypersomnia (1)
      • Hypertension (39)
      • Hyperthyroidism (4)
      • Hypertrichosis (2)
      • Hyperventilation (3)
      • Hypoadrenalism (7)
      • Hypoalbuminaemia (1)
      • Hypoglycaemia (13)
      • Hypogonadism (30)
      • Hypoinsulinaemia (3)
      • Hypokalaemia (32)
      • Hypomagnesaemia (3)
      • Hyponatraemia (27)
      • Hypoparathyroidism (1)
      • Hypopituitarism (17)
      • Hypoprolactinaemia (2)
      • Hyporeflexia (2)
      • Hypospadias (2)
      • Hypotension (22)
      • Hypothermia (1)
      • Hypothyroidism (27)
      • Hypotonia (2)
      • Hypovitaminosis D (3)
      • Hypoxia (2)
      • Immunodeficiency (1)
      • Infertility (4)
      • Insomnia (2)
      • Insulin resistance (3)
      • Irritability (2)
      • Ischaemia (1)
      • Ketonuria (1)
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      • Leg pain (4)
      • Leukocytosis (6)
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      • Lymphadenitis (6)
      • Macroglossia (1)
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      • Nail dystrophy (1)
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      • Orthostatic hypotension (1)
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      • Puberty (delayed/absent) (1)
      • Puberty (early/precocious) (4)
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      • Rash (2)
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      • Renal colic (1)
      • Renal failure (4)
      • Renal insufficiency (5)
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      • Salt craving (1)
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      • Slow growth (2)
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      • Striae (12)
      • Supraclavicular fat pads (4)
      • Sweating (7)
      • Syncope (2)
      • Tachycardia (10)
      • Tachypnoea (2)
      • Teeth gapping (2)
      • Telangiectasias (1)
      • T-reflex (depressed) (2)
      • Tetany (2)
      • Thrombocytopenia (7)
      • Thrombocytosis (1)
      • Thrombophilia (1)
      • Thyroid nodule (2)
      • Thyrotoxicosis (3)
      • Tics (1)
      • Tinnitus (4)
      • Toe clubbing (1)
      • Tremulousness (4)
      • Urinary frequency (2)
      • Urinary incontinence (1)
      • Vaginal dryness (1)
      • Vaginal pain/tenderness (1)
      • Ventricular fibrillation (1)
      • Ventricular hypertrophy (2)
      • Vertigo (2)
      • Virilisation (abnormal) (2)
      • Vision - acuity reduction (2)
      • Vision - blurred (8)
      • Visual disturbance (10)
      • Visual field defect (9)
      • Visual impairment (8)
      • Vitiligo (1)
      • Vomiting (28)
      • Weight gain (29)
      • Weight loss (21)
      • Wheezing (1)
      • Xeroderma (1)
      • Xerostomia (1)
    • Open Section Investigation (203)
      • 17OHP (6)
      • 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (5)
      • 5HIAA (1)
      • Aberrant adrenal receptors (2)
      • Acid-base balance (1)
      • ACTH (77)
      • ACTH stimulation (39)
      • Activated partial thromboplastin time (1)
      • Adrenal antibodies (7)
      • Adrenal function (2)
      • Adrenal scintigraphy (4)
      • Adrenal venous sampling (10)
      • Adrenaline (1)
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