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  • Open Section Clinical Overview (325)
    • Open Section Gland/Organ (323)
      • Adipose tissue (9)
      • Adrenal (59)
      • Bone (16)
      • Duodenum (3)
      • Heart (6)
      • Hypothalamus (11)
      • Kidney (21)
      • Liver (12)
      • Ovaries (13)
      • Pancreas (97)
      • Parathyroid (20)
      • Pineal (1)
      • Pituitary (88)
      • Placenta (1)
      • Skin (7)
      • Stomach (3)
      • Testes (6)
      • Thymus (1)
      • Thyroid (39)
    • Open Section Topic (315)
      • Adrenal (50)
      • Andrology (4)
      • Autoimmunity (3)
      • Bone (16)
      • Cardiovascular endocrinology (3)
      • Developmental endocrinology (1)
      • Diabetes (98)
      • Emergency (4)
      • Endocrine disruptors (1)
      • Endocrine-related cancer (14)
      • Genetics and mutation (10)
      • Gynaecological endocrinology (7)
      • Immunology (1)
      • Mineral (3)
      • Neuroendocrinology (9)
      • Obesity (6)
      • Paediatric endocrinology (6)
      • Pituitary (69)
      • Thyroid (28)
      • Tumours and neoplasia (8)
      • Vitamin D (2)
    • Open Section Hormone (281)
      • 17OHP (4)
      • ACTH (43)
      • Adrenaline (2)
      • Aldosterone (11)
      • Androgens (2)
      • Androstenedione (5)
      • Androsterone (1)
      • Antidiuretic Hormone (6)
      • AVP (8)
      • big IGF2 (1)
      • Calcitonin (4)
      • Calcitriol (3)
      • Cortisol (71)
      • Cortisone (1)
      • CRH (1)
      • Dehydroepiandrostenedione (1)
      • Deoxycortisol (1)
      • DHEA (3)
      • Dihydrotestosterone (1)
      • Dopamine (2)
      • FSH (32)
      • Gastrin (1)
      • GH (29)
      • GHRH (3)
      • GLP1 (3)
      • GLP2 (2)
      • Glucagon (8)
      • Glucocorticoids (10)
      • GNRH (5)
      • Gonadotropins (6)
      • HCG (1)
      • IGF1 (33)
      • IGF2 (5)
      • Inhibin (1)
      • Insulin (117)
      • Kisspeptin (1)
      • Leptin (1)
      • LH (36)
      • Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (1)
      • Metanephrines (6)
      • Mineralocorticoids (2)
      • Noradrenaline (4)
      • Normetanephrine (5)
      • Oestradiol (E2) (15)
      • Oestrogens (3)
      • Oxyntomodulin (1)
      • Peptide YY (1)
      • Pregnenolone (3)
      • Procalcitonin (1)
      • Progesterone (5)
      • Prolactin (36)
      • Prostaglandins (1)
      • PTH (21)
      • Renin (6)
      • Somatostatin (3)
      • Testosterone (32)
      • Thyroxine (T4) (51)
      • TRH (1)
      • Triiodothyronine (T3) (23)
      • TSH (60)
      • Vitamin D (2)
    • Open Section Condition/ Syndrome (303)
      • 49XXXXY syndrome (1)
      • Abscess (4)
      • Acromegaly (17)
      • Addisonian crisis (1)
      • Addison's disease (6)
      • Adenocarcinoma (2)
      • AIP gene mutation (1)
      • Adrenal insufficiency (18)
      • Adrenal salt-wasting crisis (2)
      • Adrenocortical adenoma (6)
      • Adrenocortical carcinoma (2)
      • AIP gene variant (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (primary) (3)
      • Amenorrhoea (secondary) (1)
      • Amyloidosis (1)
      • Anaemia (7)
      • Aneuploidy (1)
      • Androgen insensitivity syndrome (1)
      • Asthma (1)
      • Autoimmune disorders (19)
      • Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 1 (1)
      • Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 2 (1)
      • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (4)
      • Autoimmune hypophysitis (7)
      • Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (1)
      • Breast cancer (1)
      • Brown tumour (2)
      • Burkitt’s lymphoma (1)
      • Catecholamine secreting carotid body paraganglionoma (1)
      • Carcinoid tumour (1)
      • Carotid body paraganglioma (1)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (1)
      • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (4)
      • Congenital hypothyroidism (1)
      • Congenital hyperinsulinism (3)
      • Corticotrophic adenoma (2)
      • Craniopharyngioma (3)
      • Cushing's disease (6)
      • Cushing's syndrome (19)
      • Developmental abnormalities (2)
      • Diabetes - mitochondrial (1)
      • Diabetes - steroid-induced (1)
      • Diabetes insipidus - gestational (5)
      • Diabetes insipidus - nephrogenic (1)
      • Diabetes insipidus - neurogenic/central (22)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (42)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (44)
      • Diabetic foot syndrome (5)
      • Diabetic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (25)
      • Diabetic muscle infarction (2)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (5)
      • Diverticular disease (1)
      • Down syndrome (2)
      • Eating disorders (1)
      • Ectopic ACTH syndrome (2)
      • Ectopic Cushing's syndrome (7)
      • Empty sella syndrome (3)
      • Fat necrosis (1)
      • Fetal demise (1)
      • Gastritis (1)
      • GCK mutation (1)
      • Gestational diabetes mellitus (7)
      • Gigantism (1)
      • Glucagonoma (3)
      • Glycogen storage disease (1)
      • Goitre (1)
      • Goitre (multinodular) (2)
      • Gonadal dysgenesis (2)
      • Gonadotrophic adenoma (1)
      • Granuloma (3)
      • Graves' disease (3)
      • Graves' ophthalmopathy (2)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (adult) (2)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (childhood onset) (2)
      • Gynaecomastia (2)
      • Hamman’s syndrome (1)
      • Haemorrhage (1)
      • Hashimoto’s disease (8)
      • Hepatitis C (1)
      • Histiocytosis (1)
      • Huntington's disease (1)
      • Hürthle cell adenoma (1)
      • Hyperaldosteronism (5)
      • Hyperandrogenism (4)
      • Hypercalcaemia (15)
      • Hyperglucogonaemia (2)
      • Hyperglycaemia (35)
      • Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (4)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (11)
      • Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (5)
      • Hyperkalaemia (7)
      • Hyperlipidaemia (1)
      • Hypernatraemia (9)
      • Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (5)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (primary) (11)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (tertiary) (2)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (6)
      • Hypertension (12)
      • Hyperthyroidism (10)
      • Hypocalcaemia (7)
      • Hypoglycaemia (31)
      • Hypoglycaemic coma (1)
      • Hypogonadism (11)
      • Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (8)
      • Hypoinsulinaemia (1)
      • Hypokalaemia (14)
      • Hyponatraemia (16)
      • Hypoparathyroidism (2)
      • Hypophosphataemia (2)
      • Hypophysitis (12)
      • Hypopituitarism (23)
      • Hypothyroidism (27)
      • Iatrogenic disorder (14)
      • Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (1)
      • Idiopathic pituitary hyperplasia (1)
      • IgG4–related systemic disease (5)
      • Inappropriate TSH secretion (1)
      • Incidentaloma (1)
      • Infertility (1)
      • Insulin autoimmune syndrome (6)
      • Insulin resistance (11)
      • Insulinoma (5)
      • Intracranial vasospasm (1)
      • Intrauterine growth retardation (2)
      • Ischaemic heart disease (1)
      • Kallmann syndrome (1)
      • Ketoacidosis (1)
      • Klinefelter syndrome (2)
      • Leg ulcer (2)
      • Laron syndrome (1)
      • Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA) (2)
      • Leydig cell tumour (2)
      • Lipodystrophy (2)
      • Lipomatosis (2)
      • Liver failure (3)
      • Lung metastases (1)
      • Lymphadenopathy (3)
      • Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia (4)
      • Macronodular hyperplasia (1)
      • Macroprolactinoma (2)
      • Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young (MODY) (1)
      • McKittrick-Wheelock Syndrome (1)
      • Medullary thyroid cancer (2)
      • MEN1 (6)
      • Meningitis (1)
      • Metabolic acidosis (8)
      • Metastatic carcinoma (8)
      • Metastatic melanoma (4)
      • Metastatic tumour (2)
      • Microadenoma (4)
      • Microprolactinoma (1)
      • Myelolipoma (1)
      • Myocardial infarction (3)
      • Myositis (1)
      • Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (1)
      • Neonatal diabetes (4)
      • Nephrolithiasis (2)
      • Neuroendocrine tumour (23)
      • Neurofibromatosis (1)
      • Nodular hyperplasia (1)
      • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (5)
      • Non-islet-cell tumour hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Noonan syndrome (1)
      • Obesity (5)
      • Osteogenesis imperfecta (1)
      • Osteomalacia (1)
      • Osteomyelitis (1)
      • Osteoporosis (4)
      • Osteosclerosis (1)
      • Ovarian cancer (2)
      • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (1)
      • Ovarian tumour (3)
      • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (2)
      • Pancreatitis (5)
      • Panhypopituitarism (10)
      • Papillary thyroid cancer (7)
      • Paraganglioma (2)
      • Paraneoplastic syndromes (3)
      • Parathyroid adenoma (8)
      • Parathyroid carcinoma (2)
      • Parathyroid cyst (1)
      • Parathroid hyperplasia (1)
      • PCOS (4)
      • Phaeochromocytoma (8)
      • Pituitary abscess (3)
      • Pituitary adenoma (32)
      • Pituitary apoplexy (7)
      • Pituitary carcinoma (1)
      • Pituitary cyst (3)
      • Pituitary haemorrhage (4)
      • Pituitary hyperplasia (4)
      • Pituitary hypoplasia (1)
      • Pituitary tumour (malignant) (3)
      • Plurihormonal pituitary adenoma (2)
      • POEMS syndrome (1)
      • Pneumonia (1)
      • Post-prandial hypoglycaemia (1)
      • Pre-eclampsia (2)
      • Pregnancy (5)
      • Premature ovarian failure (1)
      • Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (1)
      • Prolactinoma (5)
      • Prostate cancer (2)
      • Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (2)
      • Pseudohypoparathyroidism (1)
      • Puberty (delayed or absent) (1)
      • Puberty (precocious) (1)
      • Pulmonary oedema (1)
      • Quadrantanopia (1)
      • Rhabdomyolysis (2)
      • Rheumatoid arthritis (3)
      • Sexual development disorders (3)
      • Sheehan's syndrome (1)
      • Short stature (1)
      • SIADH (4)
      • Small-cell carcinoma (2)
      • Solitary fibrous tumour (1)
      • Solitary sellar plasmacytoma (2)
      • Somatotrophic adenoma (4)
      • Struma ovarii (1)
      • Subcutaneous insulin resistance (1)
      • Systemic lupus erythematosus (1)
      • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (1)
      • Thyroid adenoma (1)
      • Thyroid carcinoma (3)
      • Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (3)
      • Thyroid nodule (4)
      • Thyroid storm (1)
      • Thyroiditis (13)
      • Thyrotoxicosis (5)
      • Traumatic brain injury (1)
      • Tuberculosis (1)
      • Tumour-induced osteomalacia (1)
      • Turner syndrome (2)
      • Urolithiasis (1)
      • Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (1)
      • Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis (1)
  • Open Section Patient Demographics (325)
    • Open Section Age (324)
      • Adolescent/young adult (43)
      • Adult (226)
      • Geriatric (21)
      • Neonatal (10)
      • Paediatric (23)
      • Pregnant adult (13)
    • Open Section Gender (323)
      • Female (191)
      • Male (150)
    • Open Section Ethnicity (325)
      • Asian - Bangladeshi (1)
      • Asian - Chinese (13)
      • Asian - Filipino (4)
      • Asian - Indian (6)
      • Asian - Japanese (28)
      • Asian - Korean (2)
      • Asian - Pakistani (5)
      • Asian - other (16)
      • Black - African (13)
      • Black - Caribbean (1)
      • Black - other (4)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Central American or South American (6)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano (7)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Puerto Rican (1)
      • Hispanic or Latino - other (6)
      • Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander (2)
      • White (211)
      • Other (9)
    • Open Section Country of Treatment (318)
      • Argentina (3)
      • Australia (35)
      • Belgium (3)
      • Brazil (2)
      • Canada (6)
      • China (1)
      • Colombia (1)
      • Croatia (2)
      • Denmark (4)
      • Finland (1)
      • France (3)
      • Germany (10)
      • Greece (9)
      • Hong Kong (2)
      • India (3)
      • Iran, Islamic Republic of (1)
      • Ireland (14)
      • Israel (4)
      • Italy (16)
      • Japan (26)
      • Korea, Republic of (1)
      • Lebanon (1)
      • Malaysia (2)
      • Mexico (3)
      • Morocco (1)
      • Netherlands (3)
      • New Zealand (4)
      • Oman (2)
      • Peru (2)
      • Poland (3)
      • Portugal (15)
      • Puerto Rico (2)
      • Russian Federation (3)
      • Saudi Arabia (3)
      • Singapore (4)
      • Spain (11)
      • Sri Lanka (1)
      • Sweden (1)
      • Switzerland (4)
      • Taiwan, Province of China (2)
      • Tunisia (1)
      • Turkey (2)
      • United Arab Emirates (1)
      • United Kingdom (61)
      • United States (41)
      • Venezuela (1)
  • Open Section Diagnosis and Treatment (306)
    • Open Section Signs and Symptoms (300)
      • Abdominal distension (4)
      • Abdominal cramp (2)
      • Abdominal discomfort (2)
      • Abdominal guarding (1)
      • Abdominal lump (3)
      • Abdominal pain (30)
      • Abdominal tenderness (5)
      • Acalculia (1)
      • Acanthosis nigricans (8)
      • Acne (3)
      • Acrochorda (4)
      • Acute stress reaction (1)
      • Aggression (2)
      • Agitation (3)
      • Albuminuria (2)
      • Alopecia (6)
      • Altered level of consciousness (9)
      • Ambiguous genitalia (3)
      • Amenorrhoea (24)
      • Amnesia (6)
      • Anaemia (18)
      • Anhedonia (1)
      • Anisocoria (1)
      • Anorexia (13)
      • Anosmia (1)
      • Anovulation (1)
      • Anuria (1)
      • Anxiety (6)
      • Aphasia (2)
      • Appetite increase (1)
      • Appetite reduction/loss (17)
      • Arteriosclerosis (2)
      • Arthralgia (7)
      • Ascites (2)
      • Asthenia (8)
      • Ataxia (1)
      • Atrial fibrillation (6)
      • ADHD (1)
      • Autonomic neuropathy (1)
      • Back pain (11)
      • Bacteraemia (1)
      • Behavioural problems (1)
      • Bifid scrotum (1)
      • Bitemporal hemianopsia (3)
      • Bloating (3)
      • Bone fracture(s) (6)
      • Bone lesions (3)
      • Bone pain (2)
      • Bony metastases (2)
      • Bowel movements - bleeding (1)
      • Bowel obstruction (2)
      • Brachydactyly (2)
      • Bradycardia (3)
      • Breast lump (2)
      • Breastfeeding difficulties (1)
      • Breathing difficulties (2)
      • Buffalo hump (2)
      • Cachexia (2)
      • Calcification (1)
      • Cardiac malformations (3)
      • Cardiac tamponade (1)
      • Cardiogenic shock (4)
      • Cardiomegaly (3)
      • Cardiomyopathy (3)
      • Cardiopulmonary arrest (1)
      • Carpal tunnel syndrome (1)
      • Central obesity (4)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (2)
      • Chest pain (6)
      • Chest pain (pleuritic) (1)
      • Chills (3)
      • Cholecystitis (1)
      • Cholestasis (1)
      • Chronic pain (2)
      • Cirrhosis (3)
      • Citraturia (1)
      • Clitoromegaly (3)
      • Clumsiness (2)
      • Coagulopathy (1)
      • Coeliac disease (1)
      • Cognitive problems (5)
      • Cold intolerance (2)
      • Collapse (2)
      • Coma (4)
      • Concentration difficulties (1)
      • Confusion (15)
      • Constipation (9)
      • Convulsions (2)
      • Coordination difficulties (1)
      • Coughing (5)
      • Crackles (2)
      • Cramps (3)
      • Craniofacial abnormalities (2)
      • Cutaneous pigmentation (4)
      • Deafness (1)
      • Deep vein thrombosis (1)
      • Dehydration (13)
      • Delayed puberty (2)
      • Delirium (3)
      • Dementia (1)
      • Depression (7)
      • Diabetes insipidus (16)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (33)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (34)
      • Diabetic neuropathy (3)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (4)
      • Diabetic foot neuropathy (1)
      • Diabetic foot ulceration (6)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (23)
      • Diarrhoea (10)
      • Diplopia (8)
      • Dizziness (11)
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      • Dyslipidaemia (5)
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      • Facial fullness (2)
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      • Nausea (41)
      • Neck - loose skin (nape) (1)
      • Neck - short (1)
      • Neck mass (5)
      • Neck pain/discomfort (4)
      • Necrolytic migratory erythema (2)
      • Nephrocalcinosis (3)
      • Nephropathy (2)
      • Neurofibromas (1)
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      • Nocturia (10)
      • Normochromic normocytic anaemia (6)
      • Nystagmus (1)
      • Obesity (25)
      • Obstructive sleep apnoea (2)
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      • Oligomenorrhoea (2)
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      • Ophthalmoplegia (2)
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      • Osteopenia (4)
      • Osteoporosis (8)
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