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  • Open Section Clinical Overview (323)
    • Open Section Gland/Organ (323)
      • Adipose tissue (4)
      • Adrenal (56)
      • Bone (14)
      • Duodenum (3)
      • Heart (4)
      • Hypothalamus (9)
      • Kidney (13)
      • Liver (5)
      • Ovaries (18)
      • Pancreas (36)
      • Parathyroid (34)
      • Pineal (1)
      • Pituitary (93)
      • Placenta (1)
      • Skin (3)
      • Stomach (2)
      • Testes (3)
      • Thymus (1)
      • Thyroid (117)
    • Open Section Topic (313)
      • Adrenal (44)
      • Andrology (3)
      • Autoimmunity (2)
      • Bone (15)
      • Diabetes (30)
      • Emergency (3)
      • Endocrine disruptors (1)
      • Endocrine-related cancer (20)
      • Genetics and mutation (3)
      • Gynaecological endocrinology (8)
      • Immunology (1)
      • Mineral (2)
      • Neuroendocrinology (6)
      • Obesity (3)
      • Paediatric endocrinology (3)
      • Pituitary (78)
      • Puberty (3)
      • Thyroid (99)
      • Tumours and neoplasia (10)
      • Vitamin D (2)
    • Open Section Hormone (273)
      • 17OHP (3)
      • ACTH (46)
      • Adrenaline (3)
      • Aldosterone (9)
      • Androgens (5)
      • Androstenedione (5)
      • Androsterone (1)
      • Antidiuretic Hormone (6)
      • AVP (5)
      • big IGF2 (1)
      • Calcitonin (11)
      • Calcitriol (2)
      • Corticotrophin (1)
      • Cortisol (68)
      • CRH (1)
      • Dehydroepiandrostenedione (2)
      • DHEA (4)
      • Dihydrotestosterone (1)
      • Dopamine (1)
      • FSH (39)
      • Gastrin (2)
      • GH (33)
      • GHRH (2)
      • Glucagon (2)
      • Glucocorticoids (9)
      • GNRH (2)
      • Gonadotropins (6)
      • HCG (3)
      • Hydroxypregnenolone (1)
      • IGF1 (31)
      • IGF2 (2)
      • Inhibin (1)
      • Insulin (41)
      • Kisspeptin (1)
      • Leptin (1)
      • LH (43)
      • Metanephrines (7)
      • Mineralocorticoids (3)
      • Noradrenaline (7)
      • Normetanephrine (8)
      • Oestradiol (E2) (15)
      • Oestrogens (5)
      • Progesterone (5)
      • Prolactin (45)
      • Prostaglandins (1)
      • PTH (31)
      • Renin (6)
      • Somatostatin (1)
      • Testosterone (35)
      • Thyroxine (T4) (101)
      • TRH (4)
      • Triiodothyronine (T3) (59)
      • TSH (105)
      • Vitamin D (2)
    • Open Section Condition/ Syndrome (302)
      • 3-M syndrome (1)
      • Abscess (2)
      • Acanthosis Nigricans (1)
      • Acromegaly (14)
      • Addisonian crisis (2)
      • Addison's disease (8)
      • Adenocarcinoma (2)
      • AIP gene mutation (1)
      • Adrenal insufficiency (24)
      • Adrenocortical adenoma (3)
      • Adrenocortical carcinoma (2)
      • AIP gene variant (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (primary) (3)
      • Amenorrhoea (secondary) (4)
      • Amyloid goitre (1)
      • Amyloidosis (2)
      • Anaplastic thyroid cancer (4)
      • Anaemia (4)
      • Anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (1)
      • Asthma (2)
      • Autoimmune disorders (18)
      • Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 2 (1)
      • Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (4)
      • Autoimmune hypophysitis (8)
      • Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (2)
      • Breast cancer (3)
      • Brown tumour (3)
      • Burkitt’s lymphoma (1)
      • Catecholamine secreting carotid body paraganglionoma (1)
      • Carney complex (2)
      • Carotid body paraganglioma (2)
      • C-cell hyperplasia (2)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (2)
      • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (2)
      • Congenital hypothyroidism (2)
      • Conn's syndrome (2)
      • Corticotrophic adenoma (3)
      • Craniopharyngioma (1)
      • Crohn’s disease (1)
      • Cryptorchidism (1)
      • Cushing's disease (5)
      • Cushing's syndrome (22)
      • Developmental abnormalities (2)
      • Diabetes insipidus - gestational (3)
      • Diabetes insipidus - neurogenic/central (15)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (23)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (13)
      • Diabetic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (12)
      • Diabetic muscle infarction (1)
      • Diabetic nephropathy (1)
      • Ectopic ACTH syndrome (2)
      • Ectopic Cushing's syndrome (4)
      • Ectopic parathyroid adenoma (1)
      • Empty sella syndrome (4)
      • Eosinophilic myositis (1)
      • Euthyroid sick syndrome (1)
      • Familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroxinaemia (1)
      • Fetal demise (1)
      • Follicular thyroid cancer (4)
      • Functional parathyroid cyst (1)
      • Galactorrhoea (1)
      • Gastrinoma (2)
      • Gastritis (1)
      • Gestational diabetes mellitus (4)
      • Giant ovarian cysts (1)
      • Gigantism (1)
      • Gitelman syndrome (1)
      • Goitre (5)
      • Goitre (multinodular) (7)
      • Gonadal dysgenesis (3)
      • Gonadotrophic adenoma (1)
      • Granuloma (2)
      • Granulosa cell tumour (1)
      • Graves' disease (17)
      • Graves' ophthalmopathy (4)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (adult) (1)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (childhood onset) (5)
      • Gynaecomastia (2)
      • Haemorrhage (1)
      • Hashimoto’s disease (13)
      • Hereditary multiple osteochondroma (1)
      • Huntington's disease (1)
      • Hürthle cell adenoma (1)
      • Hyperaldosteronism (3)
      • Hyperandrogenism (3)
      • Hypercalcaemia (17)
      • Hyperglycaemia (17)
      • Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (5)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (2)
      • Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (2)
      • Hyperkalaemia (5)
      • Hypernatraemia (4)
      • Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (1)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (primary) (25)
      • Hyperparathyroidism (tertiary) (2)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (8)
      • Hypersexuality (1)
      • Hypertension (8)
      • Hyperthyroidism (28)
      • Hypocalcaemia (5)
      • Hypoglycaemia (10)
      • Hypoglycaemic coma (1)
      • Hypogonadism (9)
      • Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (12)
      • Hypokalaemia (6)
      • Hyponatraemia (16)
      • Hypophysitis (11)
      • Hypopituitarism (26)
      • Hypothyroidism (49)
      • Iatrogenic disorder (15)
      • Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (1)
      • Idiopathic pituitary hyperplasia (3)
      • IgG4–related systemic disease (7)
      • Inappropriate TSH secretion (1)
      • Incidentaloma (2)
      • Infertility (1)
      • Insulin autoimmune syndrome (3)
      • Insulin resistance (5)
      • Insulinoma (1)
      • Iodine allergy (1)
      • Ischaemic heart disease (1)
      • Ketoacidosis (1)
      • Klinefelter syndrome (4)
      • Laron syndrome (1)
      • Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA) (1)
      • Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (1)
      • Leydig cell tumour (1)
      • Lipodystrophy (2)
      • Lipomatosis (2)
      • Liver failure (4)
      • Lung metastases (3)
      • Lymphadenopathy (7)
      • Macroprolactinoma (4)
      • McKittrick-Wheelock Syndrome (1)
      • Medullary thyroid cancer (6)
      • MEN1 (8)
      • MEN2A (3)
      • Meningitis (2)
      • Metabolic acidosis (3)
      • Metastatic carcinoma (15)
      • Metastatic gastrinoma (1)
      • Metastatic melanoma (6)
      • Microadenoma (3)
      • Microprolactinoma (2)
      • Motor neurone disease (1)
      • Myocardial infarction (1)
      • Myositis (3)
      • Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (1)
      • Nephrolithiasis (2)
      • Neuroendocrine tumour (17)
      • Neurofibromatosis (3)
      • Nodular hyperplasia (2)
      • Non-functioning pituitary adenoma (2)
      • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (3)
      • Non-islet-cell tumour hypoglycaemia (1)
      • Noonan syndrome (1)
      • Obesity (2)
      • Osteomalacia (1)
      • Osteoporosis (4)
      • Ovarian cancer (6)
      • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (3)
      • Ovarian tumour (3)
      • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (1)
      • Pancreatitis (4)
      • Panhypopituitarism (5)
      • Papillary thyroid cancer (23)
      • Paraganglioma (4)
      • Paranasal sinus lesion (1)
      • Paraneoplastic syndromes (3)
      • Parasitic thyroid nodules (1)
      • Parathyroid adenoma (16)
      • Parathyroid carcinoma (5)
      • Parathyroid cyst (2)
      • Parathroid hyperplasia (2)
      • PCOS (4)
      • Phaeochromocytoma (14)
      • Phaeochromocytoma crisis (1)
      • Pituitary abscess (1)
      • Pituitary adenoma (34)
      • Pituitary apoplexy (7)
      • Pituitary carcinoma (2)
      • Pituitary cyst (3)
      • Pituitary haemorrhage (5)
      • Pituitary hyperplasia (6)
      • Pituitary hypoplasia (1)
      • Pituitary tumour (malignant) (3)
      • Plurihormonal pituitary adenoma (4)
      • POEMS syndrome (1)
      • Pneumonia (1)
      • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (1)
      • Pregnancy (4)
      • Premature ovarian failure (4)
      • Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (1)
      • Prolactinoma (6)
      • Prostate cancer (2)
      • Pseudohypoparathyroidism (1)
      • Puberty (precocious) (3)
      • Pulmonary oedema (1)
      • Quadrantanopia (1)
      • Rhabdomyolysis (1)
      • Rheumatoid arthritis (2)
      • Sexual development disorders (4)
      • Sheehan's syndrome (1)
      • Short stature (5)
      • SIADH (5)
      • Small-cell carcinoma (2)
      • Solitary fibrous tumour (1)
      • Somatotrophic adenoma (3)
      • Squamous cell thyroid carcinoma (1)
      • Struma ovarii (4)
      • Subcutaneous insulin resistance (1)
      • Systemic lupus erythematosus (2)
      • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (4)
      • Thyroid adenoma (3)
      • Thyroid carcinoma (8)
      • Thyroid cyst (1)
      • Thyroid dysgenesis (1)
      • Thyroid fibromatosis (1)
      • Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (4)
      • Thyroid nodule (11)
      • Thyroid storm (9)
      • Thyroiditis (24)
      • Thyrotoxicosis (19)
      • Thyrotrophic adenoma (2)
      • Traumatic brain injury (1)
      • Tuberculosis (1)
      • Tuberous sclerosis complex (1)
      • Tumour-induced osteomalacia (1)
      • Turner syndrome (1)
      • Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia (1)
      • Urolithiasis (1)
      • Xanthogranulomatous hypophysitis (1)
  • Open Section Patient Demographics (323)
    • Open Section Age (323)
      • Adolescent/young adult (42)
      • Adult (241)
      • Geriatric (16)
      • Neonatal (4)
      • Paediatric (21)
      • Pregnant adult (12)
    • Open Section Gender (322)
      • Female (196)
      • Male (139)
    • Open Section Ethnicity (323)
      • Asian - Bangladeshi (2)
      • Asian - Chinese (15)
      • Asian - Filipino (2)
      • Asian - Indian (10)
      • Asian - Japanese (26)
      • Asian - Korean (1)
      • Asian - Pakistani (3)
      • Asian - other (16)
      • Black - African (5)
      • Black - Caribbean (3)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Central American or South American (5)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano (2)
      • Hispanic or Latino - Puerto Rican (1)
      • Hispanic or Latino - other (7)
      • Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander (2)
      • White (218)
      • Other (10)
    • Open Section Country of Treatment (314)
      • Argentina (3)
      • Australia (35)
      • Austria (1)
      • Bangladesh (2)
      • Brazil (3)
      • Canada (9)
      • China (1)
      • Croatia (1)
      • Czech Republic (1)
      • Denmark (3)
      • Finland (1)
      • France (2)
      • Germany (6)
      • Greece (8)
      • Hong Kong (1)
      • India (6)
      • Iran, Islamic Republic of (3)
      • Ireland (9)
      • Israel (6)
      • Italy (16)
      • Japan (25)
      • Lebanon (3)
      • Malaysia (1)
      • Mexico (1)
      • Morocco (1)
      • Netherlands (3)
      • New Zealand (4)
      • Oman (2)
      • Peru (1)
      • Poland (2)
      • Portugal (15)
      • Puerto Rico (2)
      • Russian Federation (4)
      • Saudi Arabia (2)
      • Serbia (1)
      • Singapore (7)
      • Spain (12)
      • Sri Lanka (1)
      • Sweden (1)
      • Switzerland (1)
      • Syrian Arab Republic (1)
      • Taiwan, Province of China (3)
      • Thailand (2)
      • Tunisia (1)
      • Turkey (5)
      • United Arab Emirates (1)
      • United Kingdom (69)
      • United States (29)
      • Venezuela (1)
  • Open Section Diagnosis and Treatment (304)
    • Open Section Signs and Symptoms (293)
      • Abdominal adiposity (1)
      • Abdominal distension (4)
      • Abdominal cramp (2)
      • Abdominal discomfort (3)
      • Abdominal lump (2)
      • Abdominal pain (23)
      • Abdominal tenderness (3)
      • Abnormal posture (1)
      • Acanthosis nigricans (3)
      • Accelerated growth (1)
      • Acne (4)
      • Acrochorda (1)
      • Aggression (3)
      • Agitation (5)
      • Albuminuria (2)
      • Alopecia (5)
      • Altered level of consciousness (5)
      • Ambiguous genitalia (1)
      • Amenorrhoea (24)
      • Amnesia (5)
      • Anaemia (11)
      • Anisocoria (1)
      • Ankle swelling (1)
      • Anorexia (14)
      • Anxiety (10)
      • Aphasia (2)
      • Appendicitis (1)
      • Appetite increase (1)
      • Appetite reduction/loss (13)
      • Aqueductal stenosis (1)
      • Arteriosclerosis (1)
      • Arthralgia (9)
      • Asthenia (7)
      • Atrial fibrillation (13)
      • ADHD (1)
      • Autism (1)
      • Back pain (9)
      • Behavioural problems (3)
      • Bitemporal hemianopsia (3)
      • Blindness (1)
      • Bloating (2)
      • Bone fracture(s) (3)
      • Bone lesions (2)
      • Bone pain (6)
      • Bony metastases (2)
      • Bowel movements - bleeding (2)
      • Bowel obstruction (1)
      • Brachydactyly (3)
      • Bradycardia (2)
      • Bradyphrenia (1)
      • Breast lump (2)
      • Breastfeeding difficulties (1)
      • Breathing difficulties (6)
      • Buffalo hump (4)
      • Cachexia (2)
      • Calcification (2)
      • Cardiac malformations (2)
      • Cardiac tamponade (1)
      • Cardiogenic shock (2)
      • Cardiomegaly (3)
      • Cardiomyopathy (5)
      • Cardiopulmonary arrest (1)
      • Central obesity (3)
      • Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea (1)
      • Cervical pain (2)
      • Chemosis (1)
      • Chest pain (6)
      • Chest pain (pleuritic) (1)
      • Cholestasis (1)
      • Chondrocalcinosis (1)
      • Cirrhosis (2)
      • Citraturia (1)
      • Clitoromegaly (3)
      • Clumsiness (1)
      • Coagulopathy (2)
      • Cognitive problems (4)
      • Cold intolerance (6)
      • Collapse (2)
      • Coma (2)
      • Concentration difficulties (5)
      • Confusion (12)
      • Conjunctivitis (1)
      • Constipation (11)
      • Convulsions (1)
      • Coughing (10)
      • Crackles (5)
      • Cramps (3)
      • Craniofacial abnormalities (2)
      • Cryptorchidism (1)
      • Cutaneous pigmentation (5)
      • Deep vein thrombosis (3)
      • Dehydration (9)
      • Delayed puberty (3)
      • Delirium (4)
      • Dementia (1)
      • Depression (7)
      • Diabetes insipidus (11)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (17)
      • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (12)
      • Diabetic neuropathy (1)
      • Diabetic ketoacidosis (12)
      • Diarrhoea (17)
      • Diplopia (9)
      • Dizziness (12)
      • Dyslipidaemia (2)
      • Dyspareunia (1)
      • Dysphagia (10)
      • Dysphonia (7)
      • Dyspnoea (22)
      • Dysuria (1)
      • Ears - low set (1)
      • Ecchymoses (3)
      • Enlarged prostate (1)
      • Eosinophilia (3)
      • Epistaxis (1)
      • Erectile dysfunction (7)
      • Erythema (4)
      • Eyelid swelling (5)
      • Eyes - inflammation (1)
      • Eyes - irritation (1)
      • Eyes - redness (2)
      • Eyes - watering (1)
      • Face - change in appearance (1)
      • Face - coarse features (7)
      • Facial fullness (2)
      • Facial palsy (3)
      • Facial plethora (5)
      • Facial weakness (2)
      • Facies - abnormal (6)
      • Facies - moon (10)
      • Failure to thrive (1)
      • Fatigue (81)
      • Feet - increased size (6)
      • Fingers - thick (1)
      • Flatulence (1)
      • Flushing (1)
      • Frontal bossing (1)
      • Gait abnormality (1)
      • Gait unsteadiness (1)
      • Galactorrhoea (7)
      • Glucose intolerance (1)
      • Glucosuria (4)
      • Goitre (35)
      • Growth hormone deficiency (5)
      • Growth retardation (6)
      • Gynaecomastia (8)
      • Haematoma (2)
      • Haematuria (3)
      • Haemoptysis (3)
      • Hallucination (1)
      • Hands - enlargement (6)
      • Hands - large (1)
      • Head - large (1)
      • Headache (53)
      • Hearing loss (3)
      • Heart failure (12)
      • Heart murmur (5)
      • Heat intolerance (6)
      • Hemianopia (5)
      • Hemiparesis (2)
      • Hepatic cysts (1)
      • Hepatic metastases (1)
      • Hepatomegaly (3)
      • Hirsutism (14)
      • Hot flushes (3)
      • Hypolipidaemia (1)
      • Hyperactivity (2)
      • Hyperandrogenism (4)
      • Hypercalcaemia (24)
      • Hypercalciuria (1)
      • Hypercholesterolaemia (4)
      • Hypercortisolaemia (12)
      • Hyperglycaemia (22)
      • Hyperhidrosis (11)
      • Hyperhomocysteinaemia (1)
      • Hyperinsulinaemia (4)
      • Hyperkalaemia (7)
      • Hypernatraemia (4)
      • Hyperoxaluria (1)
      • Hyperpigmentation (12)
      • Hyperplasia (2)
      • Hyperpnoea (1)
      • Hyperprolactinaemia (11)
      • Hypersalivation (2)
      • Hyperseborrhea (2)
      • Hypersomnia (1)
      • Hypertension (31)
      • Hyperthermia (1)
      • Hyperthyroidism (25)
      • Hypertrichosis (1)
      • Hyperventilation (1)
      • Hypoadrenalism (3)
      • Hypoalbuminaemia (2)
      • Hypoglycaemia (13)
      • Hypogonadism (29)
      • Hypoinsulinaemia (2)
      • Hypokalaemia (17)
      • Hypomagnesaemia (3)
      • Hyponatraemia (26)
      • Hypophosphataemia (5)
      • Hypopituitarism (16)
      • Hypoprolactinaemia (1)
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      • Jaundice (2)
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      • Kyphoscoliosis (2)
      • Kyphosis (1)
      • Leg pain (3)
      • Leukocytosis (8)
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      • Libido reduction/loss (6)
      • Lips - dry (1)
      • Liver masses (1)
      • Lymphadenectomy (1)
      • Lymphadenitis (7)
      • Macroglossia (1)
      • Malaise (8)
      • Mania (1)
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      • Miscarriage (1)
      • Mood changes/swings (3)
      • Muscle atrophy (6)
      • Myalgia (12)
      • Myasthaenia (28)
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      • Myocardial infarction (2)
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      • Myopia (1)
      • Myxoedema (2)
      • Nausea (35)
      • Neck - loose skin (nape) (1)
      • Neck - short (1)
      • Neck mass (13)
      • Neck pain/discomfort (7)
      • Necrosis (1)
      • Nephrocalcinosis (1)
      • Nephropathy (1)
      • Neurofibromas (3)
      • Nipples widely spaced (1)
      • Nocturia (7)
      • Normochromic normocytic anaemia (5)
      • Nose - depressed bridge (1)
      • Obesity (15)
      • Obstructive sleep apnoea (1)
      • Oedema (20)
      • Oligomenorrhoea (2)
      • Oliguria (2)
      • Ophthalmoplegia (2)
      • Optic atrophy (2)
      • Orbital hypertelorism (1)
      • Orthostatic hypotension (1)
      • Osteoarthritis (2)
      • Osteopenia (7)
      • Osteoporosis (8)
      • Osteosclerosis (2)
      • Ovarian cysts (3)
      • Pallor (1)
      • Palpitations (26)
      • Pancreatic fibrosis (1)
      • Pancreatitis (3)
      • Pancytopaenia (1)
      • Papilloedema (2)
      • Paraesthesia (5)
      • Paralysis (1)
      • Paranoia (3)
      • Peptic ulcer (1)
      • Pericardial effusion (4)
      • Peripheral oedema (8)
      • Petechiae (1)
      • Photophobia (3)
      • Pleurisy (1)
      • Pneumonia (4)
      • Polydipsia (39)
      • Polyphagia (1)
      • Polyuria (38)
      • Premature labour (1)
      • Prenatal growth retardation (1)
      • Pretibial myxoedema (1)
      • Prognathism (3)
      • Proptosis (8)
      • Proteinuria (4)
      • Pruritus (1)
      • Psoriatic arthritis (1)
      • Psychomotor retardation (3)
      • Psychosis (7)
      • Ptosis (8)
      • Puberty (delayed/absent) (2)
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